PLANT LAYOUT

It means the deposition of various facilities such as equipments, materials, men power etc. and service of the plant within the area of the site selected.

Objectives of Good Plant layout :

(i)                Material handling and transportation is minimized and efficiency controlled.

(ii)             Work stations are design suitably and properly.

(iii)           Suitable place are allocated to production centre.

(iv)           The movement made by the worker are minimizes.

(v)             Working conditions are safer, better and improve.

(vi)             Plant maintenance is simpler etc.

Principle of Plant Layout  :

(i)                Integration  :

It means the integration of the production centres. Facilities like, worker, machinery, raw material etc. in a logical and balanced manner.

(ii)             Minimum movement and Material handling  :

The no. of movements of the workers and materials should be minimized . It is better to transport, materials in optimum bulk rather then in small amount.

(iii)           Smooth and continuous  flow  :

Bottle necks using the floor space of room. If the ceiling height is maximum also utilized more material and can be accommodate in the same room. Boxes or bags containing raw materials or good can be stocked on above the other stored items in the same room.

(iv)            Safe and improve environment.

Working place are safe, free from dust, noise and other hazardous condition deciding increase the operating  efficiency  of the worker and improve their morals.

(v)              Flexibility.

In automatic and other in dust rise   where models of products changes after sometimes. It is better to permit acc possible flexibility in the lay out the machinery are arranged pm such away the changes of production process can be achieved at the least cost and disturbances.

(vi)            Process Layout.

It is  also known as functional lay out and it concertized by keeping similar location in other words all to the will be one place all milling machines at another an shown, I e machine  have been arranged according to their functions . this type in distress engaged in job order production and non-reparative or manufacturing activities.

1.     Store Room

2.     Inspection Department

3.     Broaching  section

4.     milling section

5.     La the section

6.     Shaper section

7.      Drill section

8.     Stock Room

          

Advantages :

(i)                Wide flexibility enlists as regards of works to equipments and workness.

(ii)             Better utilization of the available equipment.

(iii)           Comparatively less number of machines are needed.

(iv)           Better product quality because of the Supervisor and Workers attend to one type of M/C or operation.

(v)             Varieties of job coming as different job orders. Make this work more interesting for the workers.

(vi)           Workers in one section are not effected by the nature of operation carried out in another, For example- A Lathe operation is not effected by the raye of welding as two section are quite separate.

Disadvantages  :

(i)                 for the some amount of production layout needs more space.

(ii)               Automatic material handling is extremely difficult.

(iii)             More materials in process remains in queue for further operation.

(iv)             Competition of same produce takes more time.

(v)               Work in process inventory is large.

(vi)             Production controls become difficult distance for being processed to finished handling and also located.

(vii)           It needs more inspection and efficient co-ordination.