It means the deposition of various facilities such as
equipments, materials, men power etc. and service of the plant within the area
of the site selected.
Objectives of Good Plant layout
:
(i)
Material handling and transportation is minimized and
efficiency controlled.
(ii)
Work stations are design suitably and properly.
(iii)
Suitable place are allocated to production centre.
(iv)
The movement made by the worker are minimizes.
(v)
Working conditions are safer, better and improve.
(vi)
Plant maintenance is simpler etc.
Principle of Plant Layout :
(i)
Integration :
It means the
integration of the production centres. Facilities like, worker, machinery, raw
material etc. in a logical and balanced manner.
(ii)
Minimum movement and
Material handling :
The no. of
movements of the workers and materials should be minimized . It is better to
transport, materials in optimum bulk rather then in small amount.
(iii)
Smooth and continuous flow :
Bottle necks using the
floor space of room. If the ceiling height is maximum also utilized more
material and can be accommodate in the same room. Boxes or bags containing raw
materials or good can be stocked on above the other stored items in the same
room.
(iv)
Safe and improve environment.
Working place are safe,
free from dust, noise and other hazardous condition deciding increase the
operating efficiency of the worker and improve their morals.
(v)
Flexibility.
In automatic and other in
dust rise where models of products
changes after sometimes. It is better to permit acc possible flexibility in the
lay out the machinery are arranged pm such away the changes of production
process can be achieved at the least cost and disturbances.
(vi)
Process Layout.
It is also known as functional lay out and it concertized
by keeping similar location in other words all to the will be one place all
milling machines at another an shown, I e machine have been arranged according to their
functions . this type in distress engaged in job order production and
non-reparative or manufacturing activities.
1. Store Room
2. Inspection Department
3. Broaching
section
4. milling section
5. La the section
6. Shaper section
7. Drill section
8. Stock Room
Advantages :
(i)
Wide
flexibility enlists as regards of works to equipments and workness.
(ii)
Better
utilization of the available equipment.
(iii)
Comparatively
less number of machines are needed.
(iv)
Better
product quality because of the Supervisor and Workers attend to one type of M/C
or operation.
(v)
Varieties
of job coming as different job orders. Make this work more interesting for the
workers.
(vi)
Workers
in one section are not effected by the nature of operation carried out in
another, For example- A Lathe operation is not effected by the raye of welding
as two section are quite separate.
Disadvantages :
(i)
for the some amount of
production layout needs more space.
(ii)
Automatic material handling is
extremely difficult.
(iii)
More materials in process
remains in queue for further operation.
(iv)
Competition of same produce
takes more time.
(v)
Work in process inventory is
large.
(vi)
Production controls become
difficult distance for being processed to finished handling and also located.
(vii)
It needs more inspection and
efficient co-ordination.
